玉米丰产增效技术模式生产效率评价——基于吉林省半湿润区中北部试验数据

Production Efficiency Evaluation of High Yield and Efficiency Increasing Technology Mode of Maize——Based on the Experimental Data in the Middle and North of Semi Humid Area in Jilin Province

摘要:

采用DEA方法中投入导向的BCC模型，利用吉林省半湿润区中北部2019年底试验和示范的实测数据对玉米丰产增效技术模式进行了生产效率分析。结果表明，2个模式及对照共10个组合的综合技术效率均值达到了0.947，比较接近于1，表明各组合生产效率总体较高，其中规模效率的均值（0.965）略低于纯技术效率的均值（0.991），可见技术水平较为适中，而生产规模有改进的空间。共有4个组合的生产效率最佳，分别是优化密植与耕层调控技术模式在德惠同太的组合3（翻耕+秸秆全量深翻还田+密度7.5万株/hm²+喷药除草）和组合4（翻耕+秸秆全量深翻还田+密度7.5万株/hm²+除草+化控）、优化密植与平衡施肥技术模式在扶余永平的组合7（翻耕+密度7.5万株/hm²+氮肥后移+除草+化控）以及在德惠同太的农户对照组合10（翻耕+秸秆移除离田+密度6.0万株/hm²+一炮轰施肥+喷药除草）。推荐这4个组合在当地今后的生产实际中进行推广。

Abstract:

Based on the experimental and demonstration data at the end of 2019 in the middle and northern part of the subhumid area of Jilin province, the production efficiency of the maize yield and efficiency enhancement technology model was analyzed by DEA method. The results showed that these two models and CK a total of 10 combination of comprehensive technical efficiency mean value was 0.947, was close to 1, showed that the combination of high overall efficiency, scale efficiency of the mean(0.965) was slightly lower than the pure technical efficiency of the mean(0.991), visible technical level was moderate, and the scale of production there was room for improvement. Among them, there are four combinations with the best production efficiency. Combination 3(ploughing + straw deep turning back to the field + 75 000 plants/ha+ spraying weeding) and combination 4(ploughing + 75 000 plants/ha+ weeding + chemical control), combination 7(ploughing + 75 000 plants/ha+ nitrogen moving + weeding + chemical control) and control combination 10(ploughing + straw removal + 60 000 plants/ha + one blasting fertilization + spraying weeding) in Dehui Tongtai. Recommend these 4 combinations to carry on promotion in local production actual in the future.