收获期对不同栽培措施玉米产量及粒重的影响

Effects of Delaying Harvester and Different Cultivation Measures on Yield and Grain Weight of Maize

摘要:

试验选用6个不同类型玉米品种，在2种密度、2种施氮水平和2种灌水处理下进行大田试验，对不同收获期的百粒重和产量进行分析。结果表明，不同栽培措施下不同玉米品种百粒重和产量随收获时期的变化而不同，低密、高氮和正常灌水条件下，各品种间的变化差异较小；高密、低氮和干旱下，各品种间的变化差异较大。不同栽培措施下，收获期与百粒重和产量呈线性相关关系，可用y=ax+b来表示，从9月17日至10月8日，收获期每推迟1 d，百粒重增加0.605 5～0.845 3 g，产量增加174.71～232.33 kg/hm²。综合品种和栽培措施因素，陕西关中夏玉米从9月17日开始，收获期每推迟1 d，百粒重增加0.444 4 g，产量增加205.78 kg/hm²。

Abstract:

The six types of maize varieties were tested in two density, two levels of nitrogen and two kinds of water. Through analysis on 100-seed weight and yield in different harvest stages, the results showed that grain weight and yield of different maize varieties in different harvest stages were different under different cultivation, the changes of difference varieties were various small in low-density, high nitrogen and normal irrigation, the changes of varieties were various quite different in high density, low nitrogen and drought. Under different cultivation measures, 100-seed weight, yield and harvest stages could be used y=ax+b to show, from Sept. 17 to Oct. 8, with the harvest stages of different measures cultivation to put off one day, the 100-seeds weight increased 0.605 5 - 0.845 3 g, and yield increased 174.71 - 232.33 kg/ha. Comprehensive factors of varieties and cultivation practices, the harvest of summer maize deferred one day from the Sept. 17 start, the 100-seed weight increased 0.444 4 g, and production increased 205.78 kg/ha in Shaanxi province.